Health Lesson Plans!
Health Lesson Plans!
Preventing Drug Use And Misuse Lesson
Ways Drugs Enter The Body Lesson
Drugs That Promote Health Lesson
GRADE SEVEN UNIT ON THE SKIN
Preventing Drug Misuse and Drug Abuse
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Grade Eight
STUDENT OBJECTIVES:
Define and give examples of drug misuse and drug abuse.
Facts about drugs:
There is a lot of information about drugs.
Preventing Drug Misuse and Drug Abuse:
Talking about this today because you are at an age where choices you make in the next couple of years will have a huge influence on the rest of your life.
Ask: What is a drug?
Ask: What is medicine?
Drug Misuse:
Is using a drug improperly with the hope of feeling better.
Drug Abuse:
Is also called substance abuse.
Ways Drugs Enter the Body
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There are many ways a person can take a drug.
How Drugs act Inside the Body:
If you had a sore throat, your parents would give you a drug that would treat your sore throat.
Side Effects?
Is an unwanted body change that is not related to the main purpose of a drug.
Dose:
The amount of a drug that is taken at one time.
Solubility:
The ability of a substance to be dissolved.(Sugar in coffee.)
Body Weight:
If you weigh less than another person, drugs will affect you differently.
Emotional State:
Other Drugs:
Some people take more than one drug at a time.
Chemical Dependence
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Anyone who misuses or abuses a drug may develop this.
Two types of dependence:
Psychological Dependence:
Physical Dependency:
A bodily need for the drug.
Tolerance:
Is the body's reaction to a drug when a stronger dose is needed for the same effect.
Withdrawal:
Is a physical reaction that occurs when a drug on which one is physically dependent is suddenly discontinued.
Drugs That Promote Health
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Medicine given to us by parents and doctors when we are sick.
Prescription Drugs:
Medicines that can be dispensed only with a physician's written permission.
Over-the-counter Drugs:
Are medicines that can be purchased without a prescription.
Drug Interactions
INDEPENDENT
ANTAGONISTIC
Drugs taken together interact.
ADDITIVE
SYNRGISTIC
Drugs taken together may produce an effect that is greater than the effects of both drugs.
BASIC FACTS ABOUT THE SAFE
What is the name of the medicine?
Using Over The Counter Drugs Safely
Check with a doctor or pharmacist if you are going to use other over the counter medication at the same time.
Discussion Questions:
1. Why is the use of any illegal drug an example of drug abuse?
REVIEW:
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What is a drug?
What is medicine?
Drug Misuse:
Drug Abuse:
Chemical Dependence:
Psychological Dependence:
Physical Dependency:
Tolerance:
Withdrawal:
Prescription Drugs:
Over-the-counter Drugs:
Health Quiz
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Facts About Drugs
INSTRUCTIONS: Complete each sentence with the correct word.
1. ________is the body's reaction to a drug when a stronger dose is needed for the same effect.
Physical dependency/Tolerance/Medicine/Drug misuse
The Skin
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Discussion of what skin is.
What it does for us.
Your skin is a suit of with many surfaces.
It is an organ system with the following 6 characteristics:
1. Weight: 3kg. for adults.
Structure and Function of the Skin
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The skin supports inner body parts and protects against invasion of germs and foreign objects.
The skin is made up of three layers: epidermis (outer skin), dermis (inner layer), and
subcutaneous tissue (under the skin).
Each part of the skin has a special function:
Goosebumps and Shivering
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In general, the skin has many basic functions.
1. Regulates body temperature.
Review
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The Skin
Your skin is a suit of with many surfaces.
It is an organ system with the following 6 characteristics:
Weight: 3kg. for adults.
In general, the skin has many basic functions.
1. Regulates body temperature.
The Skin
NAME:______________________
Part 1. List five basic functions of the skin.
Part 2. Breifly describe the specific function of each of the following parts of the skin.
1. Fat cells:
Part 3. True or False. Put a T or an F beside the statement.
1. _____ An adults skin weight approximately 5kg.
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Describe safe ways to use prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
Need to be aware of the fact that drugs can be healthful or harmful and will need to make decisions about drug use.
You have probably heard positive and negative comments about the effects of different drugs.
Drugs can be healthful or harmful.
Important to realize that you will set many goals in your life.
Need to make choices and decisions that will help you reach and meet your goals.
Making responsible decisions about drug use is one way to help you reach your goals.
An illegal drug is harmful to your body and against the law.
A drug is a chemical substance that changes the way the body works.
It can also change the way a person feels, thinks, or acts.
Are drugs that can help the body fight and prevent disease.
When used properly and according to their directions, medicine can help the body fight disease.
Ask: Are medicines harmful?
If medicine is not used according to medical instructions it is harmful.
They are harmful if they are misused or abused.
It interferes with a person's mental, physical, and social health.
For Example: Drug misuse can occur with a medicine.
Suppose a person has a headache and wants to relieve the pain. The person decides to take aspirin.
The label on the aspirin bottle says to take two aspirin every four hours. This person feels that the headache is severe and swallows four aspirin.
This person is taking aspirin without following the instructions for its proper use.
This is an example of drug misuse.
Another example would be a person who continues to take medicine after there is no longer a need to take it.
Is using a drug improperly and for no medical reason.
It interferes with a person's mental, physical, and social health.
Drug abuse can result from the use of illegal and legal drugs.
Drug abuse can result in death.
An example of drug abuse would be person who uses an illegal drug such as crack.
There is no medical reason to use crack.
Ask: What are they?
Orally, By injection, by inhalation, or by absorption through the skin.
Orally: It is swallowed.
Oral drugs come in pill or liquid form.
Once swallowed it travels to the stomach and small intestine.
From the small intestine the drug in absorbed into the blood stream.
The blood carries the drug throughout the body.
Injection: Drugs go directly into a muscle or vein from a needle or syringe.
People who take illegal drugs by injection threaten their lives.
Ask: How?
1. The drugs enter the blood stream very quickly.
This increases the action of the drug.
This strong action may result in the destruction of body tissue and may even cause death.
2. Shared needles.
Sharing needles runs the risk of spreading disease.
For example: Suppose a person with a serious disease such as AIDS uses a needle to inject drugs.
They give the needle to another person.
Blood containing the AIDS virus from the infected person will be on the needle.
The second person using the needle has a great risk of getting the AIDS virus from the needle.
AIDS and many other serious diseases are spread through needles.
If you had an ear infection, you would take a different drug and this drug would treat your ear infection.
What does this tell us?
Drugs have different effects on different body actions.
A sore throat must be treated with a drug that works on a specific part of your body.
Imagine your body is like a jigsaw puzzle.
You can't just take any part of the puzzle and connect it to another piece.
You can't just take any drug and expect a certain action.
A receptor site is the part of cell inside the body where a chemical substance of a drug fits.
They occur because sometimes drugs do not act on only one receptor site.
They can react on other receptor sites of other cells.
For Example: You might take medicine to treat an upset stomach.
The medicine may also act on other receptor sites and cause you to become dizzy.
Being dizzy is a side effect.
Factors That Determine Drug Effects:
How any drug acts in the body is determined by many different factors.
The greater the dose the greater the effect of the drug.
Two types water and fat soluble drugs.
Drugs that are water soluble dissolve only in water.
Drugs that are fat soluble dissolve only in fat tissue and stay in the body longer that water-soluble drugs.(weeks or months)
These drugs have a greater and longer lasting effect.
Lighter people are affected more quickly than heavier persons are.
How you feel will determine the effects of a drug.
If a person happens to be depressed, using a drug that is a depressant may make the person feel worse.
Often people think that illegal drugs will make them feel good or happy.
This is not true.
A problem does not go away by taking drugs.
It often makes a problem worse.
They may take two drugs to treat one health problem or they may take one medicine to treat one health problem and another medicine to treat a different problem.
This can cause reactions.
Including reducing and increasing the effects of the either drug.
Important to tell you doctor what medicine you are taking.
They will know what medicines can be taken together.
It is a person's need to use a drug.
The desire to use a drug for emotional reasons whether a person needs the drug or not.
Sometimes a person wants to maintain a feeling that a drug gives.
They continue to use it.
People who are mentally dependent on a drug may not think clearly about their involvement with drugs.
They may not think they are harming themselves or others.
For Example: A person who is mentally dependent on alcohol may decide to drink and drive.
A person with this type of dependency needs medical help.
The body cells become used to the presence of the drug.
The person needs the drug so the body can feel normal.
Can occur easily.
Once this dependency develops it becomes difficult to do without the drug.
This person needs medical help.
Without medical help it may be dangerous for this person to stop taking the drug.
For Example:
A person may take one pill to treat an illness.
If that pill is taken often it may no longer be effective.
This person has developed a tolerance for this drug.
Two pills may be needed to produce the same effects as one pill did in the past.
Tolerance is part of physical and psychological dependence.
Symptoms include nausea, loss of appetite, inability to sleep, and depression.
Should be treated by a physician.
After withdrawal, body cells attempt to return to a normal state.
Dentists and eye doctors can also write prescriptions.
Licensed pharmacists can only sell prescription drugs.
It is illegal to obtain a prescription drug without a prescription.
Prescription is a written order from a doctor.
Ask: Name some?
When not used properly they can also be dangerous.
Too high a dose, mixing with other drugs, drowsiness.
Drugs taken together independently of each other.
Neither one effects the action of the other.
The effect of either or both is blocked or reduced.
Drugs taken together interact.
The effects of both drugs are felt.
One drug increases the effect of the other by changing its chemical effects on the body.
USE OF PRESCRITION DRUGS
Write it down or have your doctor write it clearly.
When and how often should the medicine be taken?
Does it relieve a symptom? Does it get rid of a disease?
Can the medicine be taken long with others?
Mixing medication can be dangerous.
Inform your doctor of medications you presently take.
What are possible side effects?
Some drugs may have unwanted side effects.
Should certain foods be avoided?
Some antibiotics can lose their effectiveness.
Are precautions needed?
If a medication produces drowsiness, you should not participate in certain activities after taking it.
What if you miss a dose?
The effectiveness of the drug might be lowered.
Doubling up might be dangerous.
How long should the drug be used?
Generally, the medication should be taken until it is used up.
If you stop taking it too soon, the condition may remain.
Take the dosage indicated rather than what you believe you should take.
Use over the counter medication correctly.
If it says take with water, take the medication with water not milk.
Discontinue use of the medication if you experience side effects.
Keep all over the counter medication in their original packaging.
Do not use over the counter medication that ha been stored past the expiration date.
The potency of this medication may have changed.
Do not engage in activities such as driving if the medication makes you drowsy.
Do not take over the counter medications with alcohol.
Do not purchase an over the counter medication if the tamper-resistant seal is broken.
2. Why does an injection cause a quicker reaction than a drug swallowed?
3. Why would a rash that develops after taking a drug be considered a side effect?
4. Why are fat-soluble drugs dangerous?
5. Why is tolerance to a drug dangerous?
6. When does a doctor write a prescription?
7. Why is parental supervision needed for using an over the counter drug?
8. How does drug abuse and misuse differ?
9. How can medicine be harmful if it is supposed to treat a condition or symptoms?
10. Why is reading labels important when taking an over the counter drug?
11. What are five factors that determine how a drug will act in the body?
12. What are four ways a drug can enter the body?
13. How is a drug carried through the body?
14. SITUATION: Your friends ask you to go swimming. However, since you began taking a prescription drug for an allergy, you have dizzy spells. You want to join your friends but you are starting to feel dizzy. What choices would you make? Why is this the best choice for you?
15. SITUATION: Your brother went to your family doctor for treatment of a sore throat. The doctor prescribed medicine for him. The medicine was to be taken on an empty stomach. An hour after taking the medicine, your brother notices his stomach hurts. He then decides to take medicine for an upset stomach that is in the medicine cabinet. Why should your brother ask your parents for permission before taking the medicine for his stomach? Why would it be best for your brother to check with the doctor before taking another medicine?
A drug is a chemical substance that changes the way the body works.
It can also change the way a person feels, thinks, or acts.
Medicines are drugs that can help the body fight and prevent disease.
Is using a drug improperly with the hope of feeling better.
Is using a drug improperly and for no medical reason.
It is a person's need to use a drug.
The desire to use a drug for emotional reasons whether a person needs the drug or not.
A bodily need for the drug.
Is the body's reaction to a drug when a stronger dose is needed for the same effect.
Is a physical reaction that occurs when a drug on which one is physically dependent is suddenly discontinued.
Medicines that can be dispensed only with a physician's written permission.
Are medicines that can be purchased without a prescription.
2. ________are medicines that can be purchased without a prescription.
3. ________is using a drug improperly with the hope of feeling better.
4. ________a bodily need for the drug.
5. ________is a physical reaction that occurs when a drug on which one is dependent is suddenly discontinued.
6. ________is a chemical substance that changes the way the body works.
7. ________is using a drug improperly and for no medical reason.
8. ________can help the body fight and prevent disease.
9. ________the desire to use a drug for emotional reasons whether a person needs the drug or not.
10.________can be dispensed only with a physician's written permission.
Over-the-counter drugs/A drug/Prescription drugs
Psychological dependency/Withdrawal/Drug abuse
It is dry, damp, think, thin, hairy and smooth.
It is pleated to give you room to move.
It is just like an all-purpose suit.
2. Coverage: 2.3 square miles for adults.
3. Coloration: Varies with exposure to the sun and genetics (heredity).
4. Texture: Supple, soft, with patches of hair.
5. Thickness: varies - eyelids are thinnest; soles of the feet are thickest.
6. Special Glands: oil and sweat glands.
2. Protects against injury.
3. Protects against germ invasion.
4. Excretes water.
5. Absorbs oxygen, water and nutrients from blood tissue.
6. Secretes oil and sweat.
7. Receives sensations of pressure, pain, texture, and temperature.
8. Supports structures such as muscles and organs.
It is dry, damp, think, thin, hairy and smooth.
It is pleated to give you room to move.
It is just like an all-purpose suit.
Coverage: 2.3 square miles for adults.
Coloration: Varies with exposure to the sun and genetics (heredity).
Texture: Supple, soft, with patches of hair.
Thickness: varies - eyelids are thinnest; soles of the feet are thickest.
2. Protects against injury.
3. Protects against germ invasion.
4. Excretes water.
5. Absorbs oxygen, water and nutrients from blood tissue.
6. Secretes oil and sweat.
7. Receives sensations of pressure, pain, texture, and temperature.
8. Supports structures such as muscles and organs.
Worth 1 mark each.
2. Deep pressure nerves:
3. Pores:
4. Epidermis:
5. Sweat glands:
6. Oil glands:
7. Pain nerve endings:
8. Dermis:
9. Heat nerves:
10. Touch nerve endings:
2. _____ Goosebumps are one way your body attempts to keep you warm.
3. _____ An eyelash lives about 50 days.
4. _____ Nails are made up of keratin.
5. _____ We shiver because our muscles need to be cooled.
6. _____ The thinnest skin is on our soles of our feet.
7. _____ The thickest skin is on our soles of our feet.
8. _____ Skin coloration varies with exposure to the sun and genetics.
9. _____ Every hair lives from 2 - 4 years.
10. _____ Miss Neupert is a terrific teacher!
